Cognitive Sciences EMOTIVE TECHNOLOGIES di Vittorio Dublino
[1] Wiederhold B.K. : Direttore Virtual Reality Medical Institute, Belgio [2] L’Organizzazione Mondiale della Sanità ha definito la Qualità della vita come uno stato multidimensionale dell’Individuo in cui il Benessere viene raggiunto non solo per l’assenza di malattie, piuttosto attraverso il perseguimento di un complessivo stato soggettivo di buona salute fisica, buono stato psicologico e buone relazioni sociali. [3] Villani D., Grassi A. & Riva G. (2011), Tecnologie Emotive, Edizioni Universitarie LED. [4] come riscontrato dagli esiti della ricerca empirica sulla “terapia del sorriso”. [5] Un nucleo situato nel Tronco encefalico tra il Mesencefalo e ponte di Varolio. E’ stato osservato che questa parte del Cervello si attiva in modo particolare prima di ogni guarigione. Questo centro viene inattivato da stimoli monotoni e viene attivato da stimoli insoliti. È dimostrato che la stimolazione del Locus Caeuleus inneschi nell’organismo reazioni antidepressive. Locus coeruleus rilascia noradrenalina quando una serie di cambiamenti fisiologici sono attivati da un evento. La noradrenalina dal Locus coeruleus ha un effetto eccitatorio sulla maggior parte del cervello, attivando l'eccitazione e l'innesco dei neuroni. Le connessioni nervose di questo nucleo raggiungono il midollo spinale, il tronco cerebrale ,il cervelletto, l'ipotalamo, i nuclei relay del talamo, l'amigdala, la base del telencefalo, e la corteccia cerebrale. Attraverso le connessioni con la corteccia frontale e la corteccia temporale, il talamo e l'ipotalamo il Locus Coeruleus è coinvolto nella regolazione dell'attenzione, ciclo sonno-veglia, nell'apprendimento e nella percezione del dolore, nella genesi dell'ansia e nella regolazione dell'umore. Sono stati osservati altissimi addensamenti di Recettori oppioidi nel locus coeruleus, ed è stato studiato come sostanze psichedeliche ne potenzino l'eccitazione. Le sostanze allucinogene non fanno comunque eccitare spontaneamente i neuroni del locus coeruleus in assenza di stimoli sensoriali, per cui si può supporre che esse interagiscano con un insieme differente di neuroni che stabiliscono un contatto diretto con il locus. Poiché il locus coeruleus è un meccanismo a “imbuto” che integra tutti i messaggi sensoriali provenienti dagli organi di senso in un sistema unico di eccitazione generalizzato, la sua alterata eccitazione farà provare sensazioni che travalicano i confini delle differenti modalità percettive caratterizzando il fenomeno cosiddetto: Sinestesia. [6] PNI: PsicoNeuroImmunologia. What is PsychoNeuroImmunology? It is the interaction between psychological process, nervous system and immune system, the interaction can occur 2 directions: psychology can affect immune system and immune system can affect psychology too; it is the interaction between body, brain and environment and the interaction between immune molecules, neuroendocrine and neurochemistry. “Research has indicated that an inextricable chemical link exists between our emotions, which includes all stress in our lives, both good and bad, and the regulatory systems of the endocrine and immune systems through the central nervous system. This research emphasises the importance of expressing our emotions both verbally and physically in an appropriate way. When strong emotions generate fear, anger or rage and these are not expressed in a healthy way then the body's natural response is that of the sympathetic nervous system as demonstrated in Cannon's research on homeostasis and the fight or flight syndrome. At this point, inappropriate storing of these stressful emotions produces an excess of epinephrine. This excess of epinephrine causes a chemical breakdown, resulting in internal weakening of the immune system and an increased potential for disease. “Negative emotions can intensify a variety of health threats. Research provide a broad framework relating negative emotions to a range of diseases whose onset and course may be influenced by the immune system; inflammation has been linked to a spectrum of conditions associated with aging, including cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, arthritis, type 2 diabetes, certain cancers, Alzheimer's disease, frailty and functional decline, and periodontal disease. Production of proinflammatory cytokines that influence these and other conditions can be directly stimulated by negative emotions and stressful experiences. Additionally, negative emotions also contribute to prolonged infection and delayed wound healing, processes that fuel sustained proinflammatory cytokine production. Accordingly, “we argue [Kiecolt-Glaser J.K., McGuire L., Robles T.F., Glaser R. (2002) in “Emotions, morbidity, and mortality: new perspectives from psychoneuroimmunology”] that distress-related immune dysregulation may be one core mechanism behind a large and diverse set of health risks associated with negative emotions. Resources such as close personal relationships that diminish negative emotions enhance health in part through their positive impact on immune and endocrine regulation. It is reviewed [Guidi L., Tricerri A., Frasca D., Vangeli M., Errani A.R., Bartoloni C. (1998) in “Psychoneuroimmunology and aging”.] “the relationships between psychological stress and depression and immunological functions, with particular regard to those aspects pertinent to the aging process. The clinical relevance of these interactions remains to be elucidated, but the high frequency in the aged of autoimmune, infectious, and neoplastic diseases suggests to focus on the psychoneuroimmune interactions in the old age.” PNI, A scientific discipline which sees the human organism as a "whole", a network of connected processes, and not an ensemble of separated parts. Body and soul, an unique ensemble which can be influenced by the individual psychic identity and from the surrounding social, natural and cultural environments, activating biochemical processes which regulate the function of the organism, giving a state of comfort or discomfort. Inter alia, it has the merit of integrating a coherent vision with all of the latest scientific discoveries in the medical field. It is a continously and quickly evolving science, which discorvers more and more therapeutic tools. It is presenting, to the scientific community, incredible discoveries up to the possibility of motivating (for the agnostic) "miraculous healing". And behind these, which can appear as strangeness, we see the birth of more and more effective therapies, which are more and more often "natural". The PNI deals with a wide range view, it aims to analyze those phenomena, integrating the details of wider overview. Not only in the relations among system, cells and elctric and chemical messages, but also in the interactions between and the environment, It studies the healthy organism before it gets the disease, because the aim is to restore health. [7] [8] Reference:
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